RESUMO
Introduction: Head and neck cancer is considered a global public health problem, which arises in aesthetically and functionally critical areas. The practice of physical exercise has been considered one of the significant and effective non-pharmacological strategies to minimize the physical and psychological consequences. Objective: To analyze the evidence of physical activity interventions in the physical and psychological health of individuals with head and neck cancer. Method: A systematic review was conducted blindly and independently, from March to May 2021, according to the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in the following databases: PubMed Central®; Cochrane Library; Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect. Results: Of the 515 selected studies, 15 were included in this systematic review with a total of 670 participants aged between 18 and 76 years old. The studies included aerobic exercises, endurance, mobility, stretching, strengthening, and yoga. Conclusion: Evidence proves that physical activity interventions performed with individuals with head and neck cancer may be beneficial in the treatment and physical/psychological health of this population. This study may help new researches considering the detailed information described previously regarding the interventions applied, in addition to discussing the most used instruments with this public and indicating the modalities that are being safely performed. It is suggested that more randomized trials be conducted to obtain more concise results.
Introdução: O câncer de cabeça e pescoço é considerado um problema de saúde pública mundial, que surge em áreas cosmeticamente e funcionalmente críticas. A prática de exercício físico está sendo considerada uma das estratégias não farmacológicas significativas e eficazes a fim de minimizar as consequências físicas e psicológicas. Objetivo: Analisar as evidências de intervenções de atividade física na saúde física e psicológica de indivíduos com câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Método: Revisão sistemática de forma cega e independente, de março a maio de 2021, de acordo com as diretrizes PRISMA. A busca foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed Central®; Biblioteca Cochrane; Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect. Resultados: Entre os 515 estudos selecionados, 15 foram incluídos nesta revisão sistemática com um total de 670 participantes com idade entre 18 e 76 anos. Os estudos incluíram exercícios aeróbicos, resistência, mobilidade, alongamento, fortalecimento e ioga. Conclusão: Evidências comprovam que intervenções de atividade física realizadas com indivíduos com câncer de cabeça e pescoço podem ser benéficas no tratamento e na saúde física/psicológica dessa população. Este estudo pode auxiliar em novas pesquisas considerando as informações detalhadas descritas anteriormente sobre as intervenções aplicadas, além de discutir os instrumentos mais utilizados com esse público e indicar as modalidades que estão sendo realizadas com segurança. Sugere-se a realização de mais ensaios randomizados para obter resultados mais concisos.
Introducción: El cáncer de cabeza y cuello es considerado un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial que se presenta en áreas estética y funcionalmente críticas. La práctica de ejercicio físico ha sido considerada una de las estrategias no farmacológicas significativas y eficaces para minimizar las consecuencias físicas y psíquicas. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia de intervenciones de actividad física sobre la salud física y psicológica de individuos con cáncer de cabeza y cuello. Método: Revisión sistemática ciega e independiente de marzo a mayo de 2021, según las guías PRISMA. La búsqueda se realizó en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed Central®; Biblioteca Cochrane; Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect. Resultados: Entre los 515 estudios seleccionados, 15 fueron incluidos en esta revisión sistemática con un total de 670 participantes con edades entre 18 y 76 años. Los estudios incluyeron ejercicio aeróbico, resistencia, movilidad, estiramiento, fortalecimiento y yoga. Conclusión: La evidencia demuestra que las intervenciones de actividad física realizadas con individuos con cáncer de cabeza y cuello pueden ser beneficiosas en el tratamiento y la salud física/psicológica de esta población. Este estudio puede ayudar a futuras investigaciones considerando la información detallada descrita anteriormente sobre las intervenciones aplicadas, además de discutir los instrumentos más utilizados con esta audiencia e indicar las modalidades que se están realizando de forma segura. Se sugieren más ensayos aleatorios para obtener resultados más concisos.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Psicologia , Exercício Físico , Terapia por Exercício , Neoplasias de Cabeça e PescoçoRESUMO
Objetivo: Analisar o autoconceito, a imagem corporal e o nível de atividade física e verificar as relações dessas variáveis com a prática de Educação Física, de dança e de ginástica rítmica (GR), em meninas escolares. Método: Participaram 90 escolares do ensino fundamental (de 7 a 12 anos de idade, 9,5±1,4), classificadas em praticantes de Educação Física escolar somente, de dança e de GR. Utilizou-se um questionário direcionado aos pais e/ou responsáveis sobre o nível econômico; e outro às escolares, com informações de caracterização; autoconceito (EAC-IJ); imagem corporal (Escala Adaptada de Kakeshita); e atividade física (PAQ-C). Resultados: As escolares apresentaram pontuações de baixas a médias para todos os tipos de autoconceito investigados (pessoal, social, escolar e familiar). Houve diferença nas pontuações do autoconceito social em relação às diferentes modalidades praticadas, sendo que as escolares que praticavam Educação Física apresentaram autoconceito social inferior comparadas às que praticavam dança e GR. Quanto à imagem corporal, maior parte das praticantes de dança (51,7%) e de Educação Física (58,6%) subestimaram as medidas corporais, enquanto maior parte das praticantes de GR (62,1%) superestimaram as medidas corporais. A maioria das escolares apresentou desejo de diminuir as medidas corporais (62,1%). Não houve associação entre o tipo de modalidade praticada e as variáveis de imagem corporal. Sobre o nível de atividade física, 89% das escolares eram ativas fisicamente. Houve associação entre o nível de atividade física e o tipo de modalidade praticada, sendo que as praticantes de GR eram mais ativas fisicamente. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo poderão auxiliar professores e profissionais de Educação Física no planejamento e no desenvolvimento de suas atividades junto ao público infantil, além de servir de alerta para a sociedade sobre a necessidade da promoção de ações que oportunizem o desenvolvimento saudável do autoconceito e da imagem corporal de crianças e de adolescentes. (AU)
Objective: To examine self-concept, body image, and physical activity level and the relationship of these variables with the practice of Physical Education, dance and rhythmic gymnastics (GR), in school girls. Method: 90 elementary school girls (aged 7 to 12, with a mean age of 9.5±1.4 years) participated in the study, who were classified as practitioners of Physical Education in school only, dance, and GR. A questionnaire regarding economic level was applied to parents and/or guardians, and another questionnaire was employed with schoolchildren, with characterization information, self-concept (EAC-IJ), body image (figure rating scale adapted from Kakeshita), and physical activity (PAQC). Results: Participants presented low to medium scores for all types of self-concept investigated (personal, social, school and family). There was a difference in the scores of the social self-concept in relation to the different modalities practiced. Girls who practiced Physical Education lower social self-concept compared to those who practiced dance and GR. Regarding body image, most dance (51.7%) and Physical Education (58.6%) practitioners underestimated their body measures, while most GR practitioners (62.1%) overestimated their body measures. Most participants presented a desire to decrease their body measures (62.1%). There was no association between the type of modality practiced and the body image variables. Regarding physical activity level, 89% of the participants were physically active. There was an association between physical activity level and the type of modality practiced. GR practitioners were more physically active. Conclusion: The results of the present study may help teachers and Physical Education professionals in the planning and development of their activities with children and adolescents. The results might also alert society about the need to promote actions that provide opportunities for the healthy development of children's selfconcept and body image. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Autoimagem , Estudantes , Insatisfação Corporal , Atividade Motora , Educação Física e Treinamento , Imagem Corporal , Peso Corporal , Exercício Físico , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Dança , GinásticaRESUMO
Abstract Aim: People with Parkinson's disease constantly demonstrate low levels of physical activity, which is why dance has become increasingly important for the treatment of the disease. This study aimed to analyze the influence of binary and quaternary rhythm on fatigue, sleep, and daytime sleepiness in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Methods: 31 individuals participated in this randomized clinical trial with a mean age of 66.6 ± 10.2 years, 71% were male and 29% were female, allocated into two groups, binary and quaternary, where they participated in different dance interventions lasting 12 weeks. A questionnaire was applied including personal and clinical information; Mental State Mini-Examination (MMSE), Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Sleep Scale for Parkinson's Disease (PDSS), and Daytime Sleepiness Epworth Scale (ESS). Results: The groups that participated in binary rhythm classes showed improvement in sleep quality and daytime sleepiness after 12 weeks of intervention. However, no significant differences were found in the group that participated in the quaternary rhythm classes. Moreover, it was noted that the binary group managed to raise the heart rate during the 12 weeks of intervention, given that these results were not obtained in the quaternary group. Conclusion: The results showed the effectiveness of binary rhythm on non-motor symptoms and heart rate increase in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Thus, it is concluded that the binary rhythm was more effective than the quaternary rhythm.
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Abstract Aim: This study aims to compare a functional training protocol and Mat Pilates for individuals with Parkinson's disease and to evaluate the effects on motor symptoms, as well as non-motor symptoms using a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Protocol for a randomized clinical trial in which 45 individuals with Parkinson's disease will be recruited and randomly allocated to one of three groups: (1) functional training; (2) Mat Pilates; (3) control group. Both intervention groups will have 60 min classes twice a week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be analyzed through motor symptoms, including balance, mobility, muscle strength, handgrip strength, flexibility, range of motion, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Secondary outcomes will include non-motor symptoms such as cognition, aging perspective, mood, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion: This will be the first randomized trial to compare the effects of functional training and Mat Pilates in a population with Parkinson's disease. It is hypothesized that improvements in motor and non-motor symptoms will be greater and more lasting after functional training and Mat Pilates interventions than those that maintain their routine activities, given the benefits of exercise and the unprecedented protocols in this disease.